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American Wire Guess Converter

AWG	Wire Diameter inches	Wire Bore mm	Wire Cantankerous Sectional Area mm²	Wire Resistance Ω/1000 ft	Wire Resistance Ω/km	Maximum Current Amperes
0000 (4/0)	0.46	11.68	107.00	0.05	0.16	302.00
000 (iii/0)	0.41	x.xl	85.00	0.06	0.20	239.00
00 (ii/0)	0.36	9.27	67.40	0.08	0.26	190.00
0 (1/0)	0.32	8.25	53.50	0.ten	0.32	150.00
1	0.29	7.35	42.40	0.12	0.41	119.00
2	0.26	6.54	33.threescore	0.16	0.51	94.00
3	0.23	5.83	26.70	0.20	0.65	75.00
4	0.20	5.19	21.20	0.25	0.82	60.00
5	0.18	4.62	16.80	0.31	1.03	47.00
6	0.16	4.11	13.30	0.twoscore	one.thirty	37.00
vii	0.14	3.67	10.l	0.l	1.63	30.00
8	0.xiii	3.26	8.37	0.63	2.06	24.00
9	0.11	2.91	6.63	0.79	2.60	19.00
10	0.10	2.59	five.26	one.00	3.28	15.00
11	0.09	ii.30	4.17	1.26	iv.13	12.00
12	0.08	2.05	iii.31	1.59	5.21	9.thirty
xiii	0.07	1.83	two.62	2.00	6.57	7.xl
14	0.06	1.63	two.08	2.53	8.28	5.90
fifteen	0.06	1.45	one.65	3.18	10.44	four.70
16	0.05	1.29	one.31	iv.02	13.17	3.70
17	0.05	1.15	ane.04	5.06	16.61	2.90
18	0.04	1.02	0.82	half-dozen.39	20.94	2.xxx
19	0.04	0.91	0.65	8.05	26.41	one.80
xx	0.03	0.81	0.52	10.xv	33.29	1.50
21	0.03	0.72	0.41	12.80	41.98	1.twenty
22	0.03	0.65	0.33	16.14	52.94	0.92
23	0.02	0.57	0.26	xx.36	66.78	0.73
24	0.02	0.51	0.xx	25.67	84.xx	0.58
25	0.02	0.45	0.sixteen	32.37	106.17	0.46
26	0.02	0.40	0.xiii	twoscore.81	133.86	0.36
27	0.01	0.36	0.10	51.47	168.82	0.29
28	0.01	0.32	0.08	64.xc	212.87	0.23
29	0.01	0.29	0.06	81.83	268.40	0.18
thirty	0.01	0.25	0.05	103.20	338.l	0.14
31	0.01	0.23	0.04	130.10	426.73	0.11
32	0.01	0.20	0.03	164.ten	538.25	0.09
33	0.01	0.18	0.03	206.90	678.63	0.07
34	0.01	0.16	0.02	260.ninety	855.75	0.06
35	0.01	0.fourteen	0.02	329.00	1,079.00	0.04
36	0.00	0.13	0.01	414.80	1,360.00	0.04
37	0.00	0.xi	0.01	523.x	1,715.00	0.03
38	0.00	0.x	0.01	659.lx	2,163.00	0.02
39	0.00	0.09	0.01	831.eighty	2,728.00	0.02
xl	0.00	0.08	0.00	1,049.00	3,440.00	0.01

More nearly the American Wire Estimate

Cables with XLR connectors in Rogers CityTV Studio. Toronto, Ontario

Overview

Sizing

Wire Manufacturing

In Electrical Engineering

Resistance

Insulation

Cable Construction

In Crafting and Fine art

Wire for Wrapping and Bent Designs

Wire for Costumes

AWG 3 wire

Overview

Wire gauge refers to wire sizing systems. There are numerous sizing standards in use, and American wire guess (AWG) is ane of them. AWG sizes are outlined in the nautical chart to a higher place. As the name suggests, this standard information technology used primarily in Northward America. Sizes in AWG correspond the cantankerous-section areas of a wire.

Utility pole in Kyoto, Japan

Sizing

The diameter of the wire decreases with the increase in gauge number. This may seem counter-intuitive, but it is due to the production technique. The wire is fabricated past irresolute the size of a standard wire or a rod (frequently about 9 mm or 0.35 inches in diameter) downward to the desired judge. The wire to be sized downwardly has to be pulled or drawn through a number of special tools called drawing dies. A thick wire cannot exist drawn through the smallest die because this is likewise labour-intense. Instead, it is fatigued through a dice a footling smaller than the wire, then the new wire is drawn through an even smaller dice, and the process continues until the desired gauge is reached. The thinner the wire, the more cartoon dies it was fatigued through. The gauge number reflects the number of times a wire would have had to be pulled through the drawing dies during the original manufacturing process when the AWG standard was developed.

Wire Manufacturing

A die is a device with a hole that is wider on ane side and smaller on the other. Inside, the diameter of the hole narrows gradually. A machinery inserts the wire in from the wider stop and pulls information technology through the dice. The wire becomes narrower in the process. It is difficult to dramatically reduce the size of the wire; this is why the size, or the approximate, is reduced gradually by 15% to 45%, by cartoon the wire through several dies with decreasing sizes. To insure the gradual modify in size the dies are designed with angles betwixt 6° and 15°.

Lubrication such as oil or special coating is more often than not used during the drawing procedure. This prevents damage to the die from cartoon and helps produce a smooth surface. The dies are made from diamond, especially for the very fine wire, and from other materials that can withstand loftier levels of pressure without breaking or deforming, such every bit tungsten carbide.

AWG 000 wire with connectors on a utility pole

In Electric Engineering

Wires are often used to behave electricity. In some cases, single wires are in employ, and in other cases — a fix of wires is made into a cable. The size of the cross-sectional area is of import in electrical engineering because it affects the wire's electric resistance and its capacity to acquit electrical electric current.

Resistance

Electrical resistance is a property of an object to resist the period of electricity through this object. The college the resistance, the more difficult it is for an current to travel through the object. Resistance depends on such backdrop of the object every bit its length and the material it is made of. It is also inversely proportional to the expanse of the object's cross-department. This means that if all the other properties of a wire, such as its length, are the aforementioned, then the greater the cross-section area — the less resistant this wire is. This tin be compared to h2o flowing in pipes. Wider pipes let h2o to menses more freely, just like electricity would flow more freely in the thicker wire. Thus resistance is proportional to the gauge of the wire — wires with higher gauge number accept college resistance. Resistance, in turn, affects the electric current-carrying capacity of the material. The more resistant the wire — the less current-conveying capacity it has. This chapters likewise depends on other backdrop, such as the temperature that the wire itself and its insulation can withstand, amid other things.

Electrical cables on a street in Kyoto, Japan

Insulation

Temperature is important because the menstruation of electricity through the wires heats them up. Insulation is used around the wires for a range of purposes, for instance, to reduce the amount of estrus that is transferred to the surround. It is made of plastic and other materials that resist the heat well, such as newspaper and fabric. The temperatures that are too high due to the electrical flow can damage the insulation.

Cablevision Structure

Cables are often made from copper because it conducts electricity well. Aluminum is also popular. Silver has skillful conductivity too, simply information technology breaks hands and is expensive; this is why it is very rarely used, although wires are sometimes coated with silvery.

A cablevision made from a single wire is called single-strand wire. Information technology can also be stranded — created with a number of wires combined. While unmarried-strand wires are cheap to produce, they interruption easily compared to stranded wire, and then they are more oft used in situations, where the cable does not have to curve. The AWG for stranded wire is calculated past calculation all the cantankerous-sectional areas of the wires that compose information technology. Because the gaps between the wires are not counted, the AWG, calculated as a sum of cantankerous-section areas of all private wires in the cablevision, represents a smaller value, than the bodily cross-exclusive area of the stranded wire.

High-voltage cables with a voltage of m volts or more use additional insulation and a protective jacket. The protective jacket historically was made of steel, aluminum, pb, while the insulation was made of rubber, paper, and oil. The thickness of the protective jacket and the insulation depends on the voltage. These days insulation is ofttimes made from polymers such every bit polyethylene. Cables that are meant to exist buried underground have boosted h2o-resistant protective layers.

In Crafting and Art

Garnet Crystal Garden handmade jewelry bazaar

Wire for crafting and making jewelry can be measured in gauge or by calculating its diameter in millimeters or other units. When buying wire for crafting or for making jewelry, especially for beading, it is important to know the correct gauge needed for the project, because beads are often made to fit wire of a certain size. It is as well important to use the estimate of wire that fits through the hole in the smallest bead used in the pattern, such as a seed dewdrop or a gemstone. The photos illustrate some of the examples below of using wire of unlike approximate in making jewelry. They were provided by Kateryna Yuri, of Garnet Crystal Garden accompaniment boutique.

Garnet earrings

Wire for Strung Beads

Seed chaplet are often made with the pigsty size of 1 mm and up. This fits wire of 22 gauge. Smaller seed beads of finer quality, for example, many of the fine Japanese Miyuki and Toho seed beads, accept smaller hole openings, so information technology is safer to gild 24 gauge when working with Japanese seed chaplet.

Back view of a comb with clay, bead and crystal elements attached with wire

If you often work with wire of dissimilar judge for your projects, information technology is a skilful idea to keep the packaging from your seed beads, because if you know the size of your seed chaplet, you can determine which wire to use. Similar to judge sizes, seed dewdrop sizes decrease as their size increases. Their sizes are traditionally measured in aught sizes and written as 5° or v/0. In both of these examples, the size will be read as "five aught". "Aught" refers to aught, which was the way to refer to the standard size of chaplet. This zero size was the biggest, and the size numbers increased as the diameter of the beads decreased.

Earrings

The dewdrop size number is the number of beads that can be lined up along a line of a given length. Inches were used at the fourth dimension, then bead size 14 means that a line of 14 beads would make ane inch. At present this "inch" is smaller, so fewer beads align along it, and it is a fleck harder to detect the correspondence between the dewdrop size and the inch. About beaders work with beads between 6° and xv°. The sizes in millimeters depend on the manufacturer, so when in doubt, it is meliorate to cull thinner wire. Generally, the correspondence betwixt the gauge and the dewdrop size is as follows:

• fifteen gauge for sizes from ane° (vi.5 mm bore) to seven° (2.9-four.0 mm diameter);
• xviii gauge for sizes from 8° (2.5-3.1 mm) to ten° (2.0-2.3 mm);
• 22 judge for sizes from 11° (ane.seven-2.one mm) to 13° (i.5-1.7 mm);
• 24 gauge for sizes from 14° (1.iv-1.6 mm) to 22° (0.9-ane.02 mm).

Yous will have to use wire no thicker than 22 or fifty-fifty 24 judge for some small Swarovski crystals, such as iv mm and smaller. 24 gauge is commonly used for making earrings and necklaces when beads are strung together without significantly bending the wire. This size is popular because information technology is thick plenty to prevent it from breaking hands, but thin enough to look delicate. Ear hooks for earrings are generally thicker than that, between eighteen and 22 estimate. xviii may experience uncomfortable for some people, and so if your ears are sensitive to thick hooks, then twenty or 22 estimate is meliorate.

When working with gemstones, especially small ones, information technology is also very important to know the correct gauge size. Sometimes the openings in gemstones are drilled finer than the seed dewdrop openings, so 26 judge wire is safer to order than 24 gauge.

Earrings

Wire for Wrapping and Bent Designs

Wrapping smaller stones and cabochons is usually done with wire thinner than 24 estimate because 24 is often likewise thick for intricate and frail bending. Bigger stones tin be wrapped with thicker wire, from 18 approximate and thinner. In general, the size of the wire will depend on the intended design, but the smaller the stone or the bead the higher the gauge number is used.

Wire 26 estimate and up is often used for making elaborate decorations and for attaching elements to the design, like dangling chaplet. It is too ofttimes used for twisted designs, for case for making crowns. In the twisting technique, a dewdrop is strung in the heart of the wire, and the wire is then bent and twisted, trapping the bead. The twisted wire can and then be bent equally desired and added to the overall pattern, such every bit a fascinator, a tiara, or a chunky necklace. Twisting also adds a more than finished await to the wire, which is used equally part of a pattern with aptitude wire.

34 gauge wire can be used for wire crochet and weaving. It is very thin, and then it does not agree its shape well by itself. Information technology can be used in intertwining designs in a fashion similar to using thread. Information technology holds shape better than thread and is more durable. It can exist used for twisting as well. It tin can intermission if it is used to support beads unless they are extremely light.

Photo from a recital of a Nagoya belly trip the light fantastic troupe (Nippon). Pictured is the teacher and choreographer Marian

Wire for Costumes

Costumes and accessories, especially for dance and carnivals, sometimes apply wire to make a framework. Information technology is then covered or wrapped with some textile, unremarkably fabric, bent, and decorated with crystals, beads, or other elements. This is often used in the bra or trunk expanse or as part of a headdress. Because it is used in trip the light fantastic, the wire has to withstand considerable pressure. This is why thicker wire is used, gauge 10 to 6 or even 4, depending on the blueprint.

As well the gauge, designers take into consideration other properties of the wire. For example, its shape (round, square, etc.), softness, and color can affect the durability, flexibility, structural stability and the overall artistic look of the design.

References

Practise you have difficulty translating a measurement unit into some other language? Help is available! Mail service your question in TCTerms and you will get an reply from experienced technical translators in minutes.

Electrical Engineering

Electrical applied science is a field of engineering that deals with the written report and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. Information technology covers subtopics similar power, electronics, control systems, signal processing and telecommunications.

American Wire Judge Converter

American wire gauge (AWG) is a standardized wire gauge system used in the United States and Canada for the diameters of nonferrous electrically conducting wire, which include copper and aluminum. The more than cross-exclusive area a wire has, the college its current-carrying capacity. The larger the AWG number, also chosen wire guess, the smaller the physical size of the wire. The largest AWG size is 0000 (4/0) and the smallest is 40. This table lists the AWG sizes and resistances for copper conductors. Use the Ohms Law to summate the voltage drop beyond the conductor.

AWG 12 or 14 are used for typical household wiring while telephone wires are usually AWG 22, 24 or 26. Considering thicker wire has less resistance over a given length, a telephone network installer might prefer thicker wire with the lower gauge and higher cross sectional surface area for an extended distance. AWG is sometimes known every bit Brown and Sharpe Wire Gauge.

Using the American Wire Gauge Converter Converter

This online unit converter allows quick and authentic conversion between many units of mensurate, from one organisation to another. The Unit of measurement Conversion folio provides a solution for engineers, translators, and for anyone whose activities crave working with quantities measured in different units.

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Annotation: Integers (numbers without a decimal period or exponent notation) are considered authentic up to xv digits and the maximum number of digits afterward the decimal point is 10.

In this calculator, E notation is used to represent numbers that are too small or as well big. East note is an alternative format of the scientific note a · 10^ten. For example: one,103,000 = 1.103 · 10^{half dozen} = 1.103E+6. Here E (from exponent) represents "· x^", that is "times x raised to the ability of". Eastward-note is ordinarily used in calculators and by scientists, mathematicians and engineers.

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